Stages of Criminal Trial Essay Example for Free

Stages of Criminal Trial Essay There are eight stages in a Criminal Trial, the trial initiation, jury selection, openings statements, presentation of evidence, closing arguments, judge’s charge to the jury, jury deliberations and the verdict. In this essay I will focus on the jury selection stage. A criminal petit jury is very important in a trial. The jury is responsible for deciding whether a defendant committed the crime as charged. In a criminal trial there are usually 12 members in a jury. The jury selection is conducted by both the prosecution and the defense attorneys. An examination process called voir dire is performed on each potential juror, to ensure any unbiased or preconceived notions of guilt or innocence doesn’t exist. Any person desiring or summoned by a judge to sit on the panel must meet certain qualifications. An individual must be 18 years of age, be a citizen, live in the judicial area for one year, and speak English, no mental or physical conditions or any felony charges. Certain people are excused from juror duty; armed forces, professional fire, police and public officers. The Jury Act will excuse a person from jury duty on the grounds of undue hardship or an extreme inconvenience. In Florida the case of Casey Anthony vs. The State of Florida, the jury selection was difficult. The problem with this case is that the media made a big mess of the information released. Many people saw, read or heard about the case, potentially causing them to be unbiased or perceiving a notion to whether Casey was guilty or innocent. The charges and details of the evidence were released to the public. Due to the nature of this case it was titled as a high profile case. Casey Anthony’s name was all over the country; I remember during the time of the trial, the only thing on television was something about her case. There were pictures of her daughter, family and personal life. A lot of suspected evidence was shared with the public as well as information about where evidence was found. A jury selection could normally take about one day. Jurors could be removed from the selection process for any reason. The judge (Belvin Perry) dismissed more than two dozen potential jurors. The potential jurors discussed the case while in a private room with other jurors. One male juror was held in contempt of court and fined $450.00 for attempting to talk about the case with a television producer. After the long process of selecting a juror panel, the trial lasted about eight weeks and the jury was sequestered. Sequestered is when the jury is isolated from the public  during the trial and deliberation. A decision was made and Casey Anthony was found not guilty. .

Management Policy :: essays research papers

OPERATION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT All organizations have operations.† A manufacturing company may conduct operations in a foundry, mill, or factory. Our interest is in the management of operations, or operations management (OM), including the usual management cycle of planning, implementing, and monitoring/controlling. The driving force for OM must be an overriding goal of continually improving service to customers, where customer means the next process as well as the final, external user.  § Since there is an operation element in every function of the enterprise, all people in all jobs in every department of the organization should team up for improvement of there own operations management elements. Teaming Up with Customers What happens when suppliers and customer are disconnected? Consider design work, for example. Whether we speak of goods or services, time- and distance separation in the supplier-customer connection invites trouble. Question: â€Å"What’s your Job?† Question: â€Å"But isn’t your job to serve the customer?† In grocery stores, where the supplier-relationship is immediate, the operations manager system is hard pressed to maintain a customer focus. The customer is the next process, or where the work goes next. A buyer’s customer is the associate in the department to whom the purchased item goes; a cost accountant’s customer is the manager who uses the accounting operations-where the design will be produced or the service provided. It is also clear that throughout the organization, people not only have customers, they are customers. Let’s turn our attention to what customers want. A Short List of Basic Customer Wants The requirement is a recipient’s or customer’s view of a good or service. A close partnership with the customer’s actual requirements. A close partnership with the customer helps create good specifications, increasing the supplier’s ability to f ulfill the customer’s needs. What else do customers want? Customers have six requirements of their providers: High levels of quality. High levels of service. Low costs. OPERATIONS STRATEGY An organizational commitment with wide ranging effects, such as continuing improvement in meeting customer needs, is called a strategy. Strategy itself is necessary because of competition, and successful strategy ensures that company strengths match customer requirements. Integrated Business Strategy To accomplish its aims, the business team must plan strategy in all four-line functions. A comprehensive strategic business plan deals with issues affecting the whole organization: employees, markets, location, line of products and services, customers, capital and financing, profitability, competition, public image and so forth. Management Policy :: essays research papers OPERATION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT All organizations have operations.† A manufacturing company may conduct operations in a foundry, mill, or factory. Our interest is in the management of operations, or operations management (OM), including the usual management cycle of planning, implementing, and monitoring/controlling. The driving force for OM must be an overriding goal of continually improving service to customers, where customer means the next process as well as the final, external user.  § Since there is an operation element in every function of the enterprise, all people in all jobs in every department of the organization should team up for improvement of there own operations management elements. Teaming Up with Customers What happens when suppliers and customer are disconnected? Consider design work, for example. Whether we speak of goods or services, time- and distance separation in the supplier-customer connection invites trouble. Question: â€Å"What’s your Job?† Question: â€Å"But isn’t your job to serve the customer?† In grocery stores, where the supplier-relationship is immediate, the operations manager system is hard pressed to maintain a customer focus. The customer is the next process, or where the work goes next. A buyer’s customer is the associate in the department to whom the purchased item goes; a cost accountant’s customer is the manager who uses the accounting operations-where the design will be produced or the service provided. It is also clear that throughout the organization, people not only have customers, they are customers. Let’s turn our attention to what customers want. A Short List of Basic Customer Wants The requirement is a recipient’s or customer’s view of a good or service. A close partnership with the customer’s actual requirements. A close partnership with the customer helps create good specifications, increasing the supplier’s ability to f ulfill the customer’s needs. What else do customers want? Customers have six requirements of their providers: High levels of quality. High levels of service. Low costs. OPERATIONS STRATEGY An organizational commitment with wide ranging effects, such as continuing improvement in meeting customer needs, is called a strategy. Strategy itself is necessary because of competition, and successful strategy ensures that company strengths match customer requirements. Integrated Business Strategy To accomplish its aims, the business team must plan strategy in all four-line functions. A comprehensive strategic business plan deals with issues affecting the whole organization: employees, markets, location, line of products and services, customers, capital and financing, profitability, competition, public image and so forth.

Swot Apple Case Study

While competitors do everything they can to keep costs down, Apple does what It can to make Its products deferent. In 2007, for the third year In a row, Apple was named as The Most Innovative Company by Businesslike. ; Strong leader. CEO Steve Jobs is â€Å"a legend for his design sense†. He is essential to the promotional aspect and public relations of Apple, especially when it comes to the pod. He is the â€Å"public face and champion of the brand†. He is also an expert when it comes to talking with the press, maintaining relationships with magazine editors, and creating new relationships.Jobs has the ability to think of Ideas that he is extremely passionate and energetic about and is always ready to share that idea to gain exposure. * Customer relationships (responsiveness to customer feedback). This ties into Steve Jobs' strong leadership as he takes action in response to customer feedback to show that the brand is listening and concerned. * Brand Exposure. Part of Apple's marketing strategy is Its retail stores. Apple has opened more than 200 retail stores located worldwide.Apple's retail stores contributed an estimated $200 million, 15 to 16% of Its profits during the past two years. The reasoning behind the stores is the belief that the more people can touch an Apple product and see also offer free group workshops, personal training, and personal assistance for Apple customers. * Strategic partnerships with well-known brands: Apple has created marketing agreements with Volkswagen of America, Burton Snowboards, Nikkei and Struck. This ties into consumer confidence as well as exposure through marketing partner advertisements. * Product design and features.Products that show superior qualities, that are easy to use and that have a high quality format, but mainly that show a clear product differentiation. * Strong financial performance: throng sales and potential growth, strong cash flows, an increasing net income, decreasing debt and controlle d inventory. Weaknesses * Profit per song is low: Even though tunes is simply used as a means to boost the sales of pods, phones and Apple TV's, Apple makes only approximately 10 cents per * Unpopular Apple TV features: users are not able to download a movie from song. Tunes directly to their TV; they have download it to their PC first. Apple TV requires a HDTV, but the movies that can be downloaded are of such low resolution that the picture looks fuzzy and old-fashioned, and lastly, it has no DVD drive. Hard time finalizing contracts with move studios because of pricing disputes. * Struggle with maintaining good supplier relationships. Many companies have expressed frustration working with Apple because Steve Jobs is very clear on his vision for his products and can tend to be controlling. Incompatible software in computer and digital music format. * 1% of the global cell phone business. Opportunities * Brand exposure through retail stores. * International growth and expansion. Ap ple is pursuing opportunities to sell the phone globally. It already has partnership agreements with cell phone carriers in France, Germany, and Great Britain. It has also entered the Middle East and Africa regions, ranking fifth next to Monika, Research In Motion, ETC, and Motorola.Apple is also trying to penetrate the Japanese market since it is one of the world's largest and most demanding mobile phone markets with almost 100 million mobile phone users. * Expansion in product line. Apple is trying to expand its product line to include media and software in addition to hardware. * Expansion in customer base. Apple is also trying to reach many different consumers rather than its traditional of tech- savvy consumers. Improvements in compatibility. * Improvements in strategic partnerships.Apple needs to search for more strategic partnerships and better its relationships with its suppliers so effective agreements can be reached. * Growth in new user segments Threats * Competitors' thr eats. Realizations sought a price war with Apple by dropping the price to $0. 49 per song and $4. 99 per album compared to Apple's price of $0. 99 and $9. 99 respectively. Realizations also launched technology called Harmony, which allows Realizations users to translate songs purchased from Relapse music to be played on Microsoft formats.Wall-Mart launched its own online music store and is currently the number one music retailer in the nation, followed by * Technology and entertainment industries are constantly and rapidly tunes. Changing so Apple has to find a way to keep its reputation related to innovative design. * Threat of start-up companies and competitors. The risk of new entrants is high in the player and music service businesses as well as in the mobile phone market, particularly from large, established consumer electronics companies, such as Cassia, Sony and Toshiba (for players) or from on-line companies like Yahoo andMicrosoft or retailers like Virgin Music (for downloa ds). Given the attractiveness of these markets, new competitors are likely to enter because of low barriers to entry. The notable acceptance and profit made by RIM's Blackberry demonstrate the potential of new entrants to increase rivalry. Due to the success of the phone and the Blackberry, other producers will undoubtedly attempt to imitate their appealing features and functional applications in order to create customer value and compete effectively with their own smart phones.In addition, Apple's exclusive use of Cingular/AT;T does not prevent the phone service provider from entering potentially harmful agreements with the company's competitors, such as its threatening relationship with rival Palm. * Apple's dominance and relative power in the music industry (as well as Jobs' reputation for control) may build resistance among film producers who are accustomed to maintaining their own levels of control over content. * Price sensitivity.The company's entrance into the mobile communi cations industry with the introduction of its phone has placed Apple in another highly competitive industry, where several large, well-funded, and experienced competitors operate. Price sensitivity on the part of consumers is very strong, and rivalry is especially fierce in this market. * A close look at Apple's competition reveals that the company is confronted by aggressive opposition in all areas of its business.The markets for consumer electronics, personal computers, related software and peripheral products, digital music devices and related services, and mobile communication devices are intensely competitive. They are characterized by rapid technological advancements, which have substantially increased the abilities and use of PC's, digital electronics, and mobile communication devices. As a result, a variety of new products with competitive price, feature, and performance characteristics are being introduced into the marketplace. Price competition in Apple's main product mark ets has been particularly fervent. Continuous downward pressure on Apple's margins as it is common for competitors selling personal computers based on other operating systems to aggressively cut prices and accept lower product margins to gain or maintain market share. * Other than price, key competitive factors in the computing market include product treasures, relative price/performance, product quality and reliability, design innovation, availability of software and peripherals, marketing and distribution capability, service and support, and corporate reputation.As the industry and its customers become more reliant on Internet connectivity, alternative (even substitute) devices are becoming increasingly smaller, simpler, and less expensive than traditional PC's. These devices compete for market share with Apple's desktop and content providers to offer integrated solutions that produce more value or exclude Apple from access to content.

Paying College Athletes - 805 Words

Paying College Athletes After high school, some students decide to make the decision to go to college to further their education, earn a degree, have fun, and some, to play sports. College sporting events bring in money through tickets, jerseys, shirts, and other gear. The money made for all of these items and expenses go to paying coaches, the school, charities, utilities, and other expenses a school has to pay to have a sports team. Most college athletes are given scholarships to allow them not to have to pay for college or anything that comes with the college experience. Some athletes, that are good enough athletically, do not ever pay for tuition, living expenses, meal plans, books, and everything else a normal student would have to pay for. For some college athletes that is not enough. Some college athletes believe that they should get a paycheck based on the money that the school makes on putting on sporting events that these athletes are participating in. Other college athletes are satisfied with the scholarship given to them and do not seek additional money. Colleges bring an incredible amount of money by their sport teams alones. According to John Brill, a sports journalist writer, â€Å"College football and basketball generate more than the National Basketball Association, a total of more than $6 billion yearly.† The money made from these sporting events are not being used correctly which is frustrating many college athletes. The money that is beingShow MoreRelatedPaying College Athletes1061 Words   |  5 PagesCollege sports also known as the greatest source of entertainment known to man this era. There are several types of sports ranging from non- physical to the most physical contact sports. Each sport takes sacrifice and dedication to be able to perform at your best knows matter what level. The NCAA is a million dollar business that lets student athletes show their athletic ability and skill toward other individuals. That is th e main reason for the creation of collegiate sports, but not to downsideRead MorePaying College Athletes1455 Words   |  6 PagesWhen it comes to college athletics, there always will be a problem that arises. It is one of the most controversial topics there is. One of the main issues within athletics is the idea of whether to pay college athletes or not. Several studies have been done along with articles from various sources. This has been on the rise especially since â€Å"March Madness† is coming up. â€Å"March Madness† may only consist of three weekends, however, an 11 billion dollar deal is made to televise the games (Wilbon).Read MorePaying College Athletes Essay1283 Words   |  6 PagesThe college athletes of their respective sports today, have the opportunity of showcasing their talents in competition on local and national programming on a regular basis which has lately brought attention this controversy, paying college athletes. The issue was brought on by the athletes over time, then caught onto coaches, sports columnists, and fans. The athletes dedicate themselves to the sport to a caliber comparable to the professional tier. The idea of paying the athletes could be consideredRead MoreArgument for Paying College Athletes1399 Words   |  6 Pages Argument for Paying College Athletes Stephen Elting Mercy College Have you ever heard of a business that made billions of dollars, yet did not pay their employees? Seems pretty remarkable doesn’t it? Well this business is known as the NCAA. According to an article in the New York Times, the NCAA made $770 million from just the three-week Men’s Basketball Tournament, but how much did the athletes who participated in said tournament receiveRead MoreCollege Essay On Paying College Athletes1060 Words   |  5 PagesPaying College Athletes Many people believe that college athletes should be paid for how much revenue they bring to their school. However, there are also people who think they should not get paid because they already have numerous advantages that other students do not have. Student-athletes at the Division 1 level that play mens basketball and football should not necessarily be paid a salary but should be able to make money off of their accomplishments, especially if we hold them on a high pedestalRead MoreThe Consequences of Paying College Athletes1240 Words   |  5 Pages(â€Å"Amateur†). Amateurism is the concept that athletes should compete without payment. Until recently, playing collegiate sports as an amateur was thought to be a noble calling. As time surpassed, college sports became a commercialized industry, generating billions of dollars in revenue. When this became apparent, the implementation of athletic scholarships became more relevant. The athletic scholarship seemed to be a more tha n fair way to delight athletes with some sort of incentive to ensure theirRead MoreThe Problems With Paying College Athletes1120 Words   |  5 Pages College athletics is a very diverse organization involving a lot of students, mainly as the players, and non-students such as officials, coaches and others. The leading governing body for college athletics is the National Collegiate Athletic Association, NCAA. College sports is itself a big industry involving sponsorships, TV networks, endorsements, retail products and marketing. But in spite of it being a big business, the players are not compensated for the work they deliver. This opens up twoRead MoreEssay on Paying College Athletes865 Words   |  4 Pages Should college athletes get paid more money? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There has been a constant debate the past few years on whether college athletes, particularly football players, should get paid. In 1988, the Nebraska legislature passed a bill that would allow the University of Nebraska football players to receive better cash incentives. The bill was later vetoed by Governor Kay Orr, who was governor of Nebraska at the time (O’Toole etal. 2). . The dispute comes from coaches, parents ofRead MoreEssay on Paying College Athletes871 Words   |  4 PagesCollege sports are big money makers now a days. For most universities, the athletic department serves as one of the main sources of cash flow. Athletes are used to create millions of dollars for the NCAA and the schools that they participate in, and never receive a penny. If we are talking about profit, if all bonds with the university were removed, an athletic department representing itself could compete with some of the most successful companies. So, why does the most important parts of the machineRead MoreBenefits Of Paying College Athletes1576 Words   |  7 PagesPaying College Athletes For over a decade, there has been an ongoing debate for and against paying college athletes. Those in favor quickly point out the benefits to players. Those against this practice concentrate on the possible detriment to both the educational and athletic systems currently in place at institutions of higher learning. Merit can be found in both arguments; however, the changes that would be necessary to put the payment practice into place would take years to implement. Many